What are common tissues that are sensitive to deterministic effects?

Deterministic effects refer to the biological effects of radiation that occur above a certain threshold dose. These effects are commonly associated with tissues that have a high rate of cellular turnover and are more susceptible to damage from radiation exposure.

The skin, gastrointestinal tract, and reproductive organs are particularly sensitive to deterministic effects because they consist of rapidly dividing cells. The skin is continuously renewing itself, with outer layers of dead cells being shed and replaced, making it vulnerable to radiation damage. The gastrointestinal tract also features rapidly dividing cells in its lining, which can lead to significant effects if exposed to high radiation doses. Similarly, reproductive organs, which are involved in producing germ cells, are sensitive to radiation, as damage can affect fertility and lead to long-term consequences.

In comparison, bone, muscle, nerve tissues, and the cardiovascular system have different cellular characteristics and repair mechanisms. While they can be affected by radiation, they are not typically as sensitive as the tissues mentioned in the correct answer, which specifically highlights areas of high turnover and associated risks with radiation exposure. Therefore, option B stands out as the most accurate selection for common tissues sensitive to deterministic effects.