What condition might develop from exposing the lens of the eye to high radiation levels?

The correct answer is cataracts. Cataracts can develop when the lens of the eye is exposed to high levels of radiation. This exposure can cause changes in the lens proteins, leading to clouding of the lens over time, which is characteristic of cataract formation.

Cataracts are particularly associated with ionizing radiation, which can damage the delicate structures within the lens. This is a well-documented effect, particularly in individuals who may have received radiation therapy to the head or neck, as well as in certain occupational exposures.

Understanding this condition is crucial because cataracts can lead to significant visual impairment and often necessitate surgical intervention to restore vision.

Other conditions listed, while serious eye issues, do not have the same direct relationship to radiation exposure as cataracts do. For instance, retinal detachment can occur from various causes but is not primarily linked to radiation exposure. Glaucoma is related to intraocular pressure issues rather than direct radiation effects, and optic nerve injury usually results from acute trauma or other medical conditions rather than radiation exposure alone.